Evaluation the Efficiency of Some Egyptian Wheat Triticum aestivum L. Cultivars to Zn Deficiency through Peroxidase Activity and Protein Profile Techniques

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants. The ability of plants to maintain significant yields under low zinc is called Zn efficiency (ZE). Eleven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Banisuef 1, Gemiza 10, Gemiza 7, Giza 170, Giza 168, Sohag 3, Sids 7, Sids 5, Sids 1, Sakha 94, and Sakha 93) cultivars were grown under controlled environmental conditions in nutrient solution for 30 days to study the effect of varied supply of Zn (0 and 1 microM) on shoots, root dry production, shoot and root Zn efficiency, peroxidase activity. Also the peroxidase isozyme and protein on gel electrophoresis were investigated. Among all wheat cultivars Banisuef 1, Sohag 3 and Sakha 93 were less affected by Zn deficiency. Banisuef 1 showed the lowest value for shoot/root ratio under Zn deficiency. Peroxidase activity increased in Sohage 3 and Sakha 93. A new polypeptide with molecular weight 34 Kda was expressed in Banisuef 1, Gemiza 10, Gemiza 7 and Giza -170 under Zn deficiency. It can be concluded based on the experimental results that, for assessing wheat cultivars for resistance to Zn deficiency the POD enzyme activity together with protein profile could be considered as a better reliable techniques to select the resistance cultivars for zinc deficiency stress.