Identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in queñua (Polylepis rugulosa) in the forest of southern Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha53114256Keywords:
Acaulospora, Andean Forest, ecosystem restoration, Glomus, microorganisms, Polylepis, symbiotic associationAbstract
Queñua (Polylepis rugulosa) forests are heavily impacted by anthropogenic activities, necessitating effective reforestation strategies. These efforts often face challenges due to various environmental factors, highlighting the importance of studying soil biotic associations, particularly with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which play a crucial role in forest ecosystem health by forming symbiotic associations with plants, facilitating nutrient exchange, and promoting growth. This study investigated the AMF community in P. rugulosa forests in Arequipa, Peru. Rhizospheric soil was collected from two zones (A and B) differentiated by an altitude gradient. Spore density was measured to analyze colonization percentage; AMF spores were counted per 100 grams of soil, and morphological identification was performed using The International Collection of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. The findings revealed a 10% colonization rate, with Acaulospora as the dominant genus, representing 63.2% of the AMF community in both zones. 41 taxa were identified, including Acaulospora, Glomus, Rhizoglomus, Claroideoglomus, and Racocetra. The most abundant species was Acaulospora kentinensis. Biodiversity indices indicated moderate AMF diversity in both zones, with the highest spore density observed in zone B at the lower altitude. These results suggest that AMF monitoring and study can enhance reforestation efforts for P. rugulosa and serve as a valuable bioindicator in forest conservation strategies.
References
Becerra AG, Diván A, Renison D (2019). Bare soil cover and arbuscular mycorrhizal community in the first montane forest restoration in Central Argentina. Restoration Ecology 27(4):804-812. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12937
Begum N, Qin C, Ahanger MA, Raza S, Khan MI, Ashraf M, Ahmed N, Zhang L (2019). Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant growth regulation: implications in abiotic stress tolerance. Frontiers in Plant Science 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01068
Bonfim JA, Vasconcellos RLF, Gumiere T, de Lourdes Colombo Mescolotti D, Oehl F, Nogueira Cardoso EJB (2016). Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest toposequence. Microbial Ecology 71(1):164-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-015-0661-0
Canales-Gutiérrez A, Gutierrez-Flores IR (2021). Patrón de distribución espacial de Polylepis rugulosa Bitter (queñoa) en diferentes exposiciones de ladera, Tacna (Perú). Ciencia Amazónica (Iquitos) 9(1):73-82. https://doi.org/10.22386/ca.v9i1.321
Caravaca F, Barea JM, Palenzuela J, Figueroa D, Alguacil MM, Roldán A (2003). Establishment of shrub species in a degraded semiarid site after inoculation with native or allochthonous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Applied Soil Ecology 22(2):103-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929-1393(02)00136-1
Cofré MN, Soteras F, del Rosario Iglesias M, Velázquez S, Abarca C, Risio L, Ontivero E, … Lugo MA (2019). Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in South America: A review. In: Pagano MC, Lugo M (Eds). Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America. Springer International Publishing pp 49-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15228-4_3
Gerdemann JW, Nicolson TH (1963). Spores of mycorrhizal endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46(2):235-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(63)80079-0
Giovannetti M, Mosse B (1980). An evaluation of techniques for measuring vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in roots. New Phytologist 84(3):489-500. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1980.tb04556.x
Guy P (2022). An examination of the ecology and influence of mycorrhizal fungi in UK woodlands using modelling, field studies and restoration experiments. PhD Thesis, University of Reading.
Haug I, Setaro S, Suárez JP (2019). Species composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal communities changes with elevation in the Andes of South Ecuador. PLoS One 14(8):e0221091. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221091
Hu W, Pan L (2023). Chapter 1 - Applications of mycorrhizal fungi in agriculture and forestry. En P. Shukla (Ed.), Microbial Bioprocesses. Academic Press, pp 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95332-0.00012-0
Johnson NC, Wilson GWT, Wilson JA, Miller RM, Bowker MA (2015). Mycorrhizal phenotypes and the law of the minimum. New Phytologist 205(4):1473-1484. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13172
Koske RE (1987). Distribution of VA mycorrhizal fungi along a latitudinal temperature gradient. Mycologia 79(1):55-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1987.12025370
Lee E, Ha, EJK, Ka KH, Eom AH. (2013). Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their roles in ecosystems. Mycobiology 41(3):121-125. https://doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2013.41.3.121
Li Y, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Zou X, Yin Y, Li H, Liu L, Zhang S (2021). Ectomycorrhizal symbioses increase soil calcium availability and water use efficiency of Quercus acutissima seedlings under drought stress. European Journal of Forest Research 140(5):1039-1048. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01383-y
Lugo MA, Ferrero M, Menoyo E, Estévez MC, Siñeriz F, Anton A (2008). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizospheric bacteria diversity along an altitudinal gradient in South American Puna Grassland. Microbial Ecology 55(4):705-713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-007-9313-3
Manaut N, Sanguin H, Ouahmane L, Bressan M, Thioulouse J, Baudoin E, Galiana A, Hafidi M, Prin Y, Duponnois R (2015). Potentialities of ecological engineering strategy based on native arbuscular mycorrhizal community for improving afforestation programs with carob trees in degraded environments. Ecological Engineering 79:113-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.03.007
Mendoza W, Cano A (2012). El Género Polylepis en el Perú: Taxonomía, Morfología y Distribución. EAE.
Menoyo E, Renison D, Becerra AG (2009). Arbuscular mycorrhizas and performance of Polylepis australis trees in relation to livestock density. Forest, Ecology and Management 258(12):2676-2682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.031
Mollohuanca C, Bustamante E, Mayta L, Bardales R (2022). Enraizamiento in vitro y la influencia de cuatro tipos de sustrato en la aclimatación de queñoa Polylepis rugulosa Bitter. Manglar 19(1):1. https://doi.org/10.17268/manglar.2022.003
Morales-Aranibar L, Morales-Aranibar C (2023). Maps of the distribution of polylepis forests in Southern Peru. In: Beskopylny A, Shamtsyan M, Artiukh V (Eds). XV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2022” Springer International Publishing, pp 3009-3018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21432-5_332
Moreira M, Baretta D, Tsai SM, Gomes-da-Costa SM, Cardoso EJBN (2007). Biodiversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Araucaria angustifolia forest. Scientia Agricola 64:393-399. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90162007000400010
Phillips JM, Hayman DS (1970). Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 55(1):158-IN18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(70)80110-3
Pickles BJ, Simard SW (2017). Chapter 18—Mycorrhizal Networks and Forest Resilience to Drought. In: Johnson NC, Gehring C, Jansa J (Eds). Mycorrhizal Mediation of Soil. Elsevier, pp. 319-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804312-7.00018-8
Prieto Benavides OO, Urdánigo Zambrano JP, Cedeño Moreira ÁV (2022). Arbuscular mycorrhizae in two national cocoa production systems (organic and chemical fertilization) in the province of Los Ríos, Ecuador. International Journal of Health Sciences 14522-14536. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS2.8801
Requena-Rojas EJ, Morales M, Villalba R (2020). Dendroclimatological assessment of Polylepis rodolfo-vasquezii: A novel Polylepis species in the Peru highlands. Dendrochronologia 62:125722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2020.125722
Rillig MC, Mummey DL (2006). Mycorrhizas and soil structure. New Phytologist 171(1):41-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01750.x
Rodrigues LA, da Silva DKA, Yano-Melo AM (2021). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages in conservation unit of Atlantic Forest areas under native vegetation and natural regeneration. Microbial Ecology 82(1):122-134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01653-z
Rodríguez Yon JY, Arias Pérez L, Medina Carmona A, Mujica Pérez Y, Medina García LR, Fernández Suárez K, Mena Echevarría A (2015). Alternativa de la técnica de tinción para determinar la colonización micorrízica. Cultivos Tropicales 36(2):18-21.
Rosas-Moreno J, Walker C, Duffy K, Krüger C, Krüger M, Robinson CH, Pittman JK (2023). Isolation and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from an abandoned uranium mine and their role in soil-to-plant transfer of radionuclides and metals. Science of The Total Environment 876:162781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162781
Ruiz NI (2020). Diversidad de hongos micorrízicos en diferentes estados de conservación de un bosque de encinos. PhD Thesis, Univ. Veracruzana.
Schenck NC, Pérez Y (1990). Manual for the Identification of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi. Synergistic Publications.
Solís-Rodríguez URJ, Ramos-Zapata JA, Hernández-Cuevas L, Salinas-Peba L, Guadarrama P (2020). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and distribution in tropical low flooding forest in Mexico. Mycological Progress 19(3):195-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01550-x
Soteras F, Coutinho Moreira B, Grilli G, Pastor N, Carneiro Mendes F, Ruela Mendes D, … Becerra A (2016). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in rhizosphere spores versus roots of an endangered endemic tree from Argentina: Is fungal diversity similar among forest disturbance types? Applied Soil Ecology 98:272-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.09.003
Soteras F, Grilli G, Cofré MN, Marro N, Becerra A (2015). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal composition in high montane forests with different disturbance histories in central Argentina. Applied Soil Ecology 85:30-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.09.004
Wall CB, Egan CP, Swift SIO, Hynson NA (2020). Three decades post-reforestation has not led to the reassembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with remnant primary forests. Molecular Ecology 29(21):4234-4247. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15624
Zhang M, Yang M, Shi Z, Gao J, Wang X (2022). Biodiversity and variations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with roots along elevations in Mt. Taibai of China. Diversity 14(8):8. https://doi.org/10.3390/d14080626
Zutta BR, Rundel PW, Saatchi S, Casana JD, Gauthier PG, Soto A, Velazco Y, Buermann W (2012). Prediciendo la distribución de Polylepis: Bosques Andinos vulnerables y cada vez más importantes. Revista Peruana de Biología 19(2):205-212. https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v19i2.849
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Andrea CHANOVE-MANRIQUE, Antonio SALAS-CAMARGO, Leonardo YEPEZ-GARCÍA, Miriam MAMANI-MAMANI, Oscar PRIETO BENAVIDES, Berly CARDENAS-PILLCO
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
License:
Open Access Journal:
The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restriction. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
.png)
