Exogenous selenium application enhances the photosynthetic pigment and antioxidant defense of mash bean (Vigna mungo) to confer tolerance to salt stress

Zain UL ABIDIN; Safura BIBI; Athar MAHMOOD; Sipan SOYSAL; Zeki ERDEN; Çağdaş Can TOPRAK; Kifah GHARZEDDIN; Ibrahim AL-ASHKAR; Ayman EL SABAGH; Nehal ELNAGGAR

doi:10.15835/nbha53114180

Authors

Zain UL ABIDIN University of Agriculture, Department of Botany, Faisalabad, 38040 (PK)
Safura BIBI University of Agriculture, Department of Botany, Faisalabad, 38040 (PK)
Athar MAHMOOD University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Department of Agronomy, Faisalabad, 38000 (PK)
Sipan SOYSAL Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt (TR)
Zeki ERDEN Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt (TR)
Çağdaş Can TOPRAK Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt (TR)
Kifah GHARZEDDIN Carleton University, Department of Biology, Ottawa (CA)
Ibrahim AL-ASHKAR King Saud University, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Department of Plant Production, Riyadh (SA)
Ayman EL SABAGH Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt (TR)
Nehal ELNAGGAR Zagazig University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Crop Science, Zagazig 44519 (EG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha53114180

Keywords:

antioxidant, mash bean, photosynthesis, selenium, salinity, secondary metabolite

Abstract

Mash bean is an important crop enriched with proteins and highly praised in Pakistan due to its nutritional values. However, due to abiotic stresses like salinity, its production is decreased. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of selenium on mash bean to produce salt tolerance. Mash bean seeds were sown in plastic pots filled with sand. Three levels of NaCl (0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM) and five levels of selenium (0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 80 ppm, 120 ppm) were applied with Hoagland solution. Salinity reduced plant height (28%), leaf area (33%), chlorophyll a (14%), chlorophyll b (9%), carotenoids (20%), potassium ions, calcium ions, superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, catalase, salt tolerance index and increased sodium ions (21%), H₂O₂ content as well as secondary metabolites. However, selenium application in low concentration enhanced plant height (31%), leaf area, chlorophyll a (17%), chlorophyll b (12%), carotenoids (40%), potassium, calcium, superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, catalase, salt tolerance index, proline, flavonoids, total phenol, while decreased sodium ions (25%) and hydrogen peroxide content under salt stress. Findings showed important function of selenium in improving physical characteristics, absorption of ions, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant defense in plants under salinity. Applying selenium at 40 ppm concentrations showed greatest efficacy in alleviating negative impacts of salt stress (100 mM) on plant growth and biochemical attributes. Maximum positive results of selenium application (40 ppm) were obtained at 0 mM of salinity.

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