Micronutrient and heavy metal bioaccumulation in Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers) grown in calcareous soil using stabilized and dried sewage sludge

Authors

  • Huseyin OK Cyprus International University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Via Mersin10 (TR)
  • Sule ORMAN Akdeniz University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 07059 Antalya (TR)
  • Inci TOLAY Akdeniz University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 07059 Antalya (TR)
  • Ismail Emrah TAVALİ Akdeniz University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 07059 Antalya (TR)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52313774

Keywords:

Bermuda grass, bioaccumulation, calcareous soil, heavy metals, sewage sludge, micronutrient elements

Abstract

This study examines the micronutrients and heavy metal bioaccumulation in Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers), grown in two different types of calcareous soil (CS) with the application of stabilized and dried sewage sludge (SS). At the end of the growth period, the Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu (micronutrients) concentrations in the substrate have increased. Furthermore, it was determined that the total Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu concentrations were higher in CS1 compared to CS2. For the heavy metals the concentrations of Ni and Cr have increased, and the concentration of total Cd has slightly but significantly decreased. The total Pb concentration was below the detection limit (DL for Pb <0.03 mg kg-1). It was determined that the total Ni, Cr and Cd concentrations were higher in CS1 than in CS2. In the aerial biomass of the Bermuda grass, the Fe and Zn concentrations have increased with increasing SS applications, whereas Mn concentrations have decreased. Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations were unaffected by SS applications for both types of CS. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for the shoot of the plant (BCFFe, BCFZn, BCFMn, BCFCu, BCFNi, BCFCr, BCFCd) were determined to be below the critical limit of 1. The application of sewage sludge has not resulted in bioaccumulation above critical limits in the shoot of the plant. However, considering Bermuda grass substrate, it can be suggested to add sewage sludge to the calcareous soil in amounts between 20–40 t ha-1, considering its long-term remanence.

References

Anonymous (2001). Toprak kirliliğinin kontrolü yönetmeliği. Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı, Ankara.

Anonymous (2013). Report of TUBITAK project. Project No: Kamag108G167, 2013.

Anonymous (2018). Report of TUIK. Retrieved 2020 September 10 from: www.tuik.gov.tr

Bai YC, Zang CY, Gu MJ, Gu CH, Shao HB, Guan YX, … Feng K (2017). Sewage sludge as an initial fertility driver for rapid improvement of mudflat salt-soils. Science of the Total Environment 578:47-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.083

Balanica CMD, Simionescu AG, Birsan IG, Bichescu CI, Muntenita C (2018). The assessment of using the sewage sludge in agriculture in Romania. Materiale Plastice 55:700-703. https://doi.org/10.37358/MP.18.4.5104

Black CA (1965). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Amer. Soc. of Agronomy Inc., Publisher Madisson, Wisconsin, USA, pp 1372-1376.

Bouyoucos GJ (1955). Reclamation of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of the soils. Agronomy Journal 4(9):434. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1951.00021962004300090005x

Çağlar KÖ (1949). Toprak Bilgisi, Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publisher, Ankara.

Campbell CR (2000). Reference sufficiency ranges for plant analysis in the southern region of the United States. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin No. 394.

Cheng H, Xu W, Liu J, Zhao Q, He Y, Chen G (2007). Application of composted sewage sludge (CSS) as a soil amendment for turfgrass growth. Ecological Engineering 29(1):96-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.08.005

Conant RT, Ryan MG, Agren GI, Birge HE, Davidson EA, Eliasson PE, … Bradford MA (2011). Temperature and soil organic matter decomposition rates - synthesis of current knowledge and a way forward. Global Change Biology 17(11):3392-3404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02496.x

Eyüpoğlu F (1999). Başbakanlık Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın No. 220.

Gerke J (2022). The central role of soil organic matter in soil fertility and carbon storage. Soil Systems 6(33). https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems6020033

Jackson MC (1967). Soil chemical analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, USA.

Johnston A (1999). Organic manures and mineral fertilizers. In: Anac D, Martin-PrÉvel P (Eds). Improved Crop Quality by Nutrient Management. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 86. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-37449-9_2

Langdale GW, Thomas JR (1971). Soil salinity effects on absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and protein synthesis by coastal bermudagrass. Agronomy Journal 63:708-711. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1971.00021962006300050015x

Liu ZL, He XY, Chen W, Yuan FH, Yan K, Tao DL (2009). Accumulation and tolerance characteristics of cadmium in a potential hyperaccumulator Lonicera japonica Thunb. Journal Hazardous Material 169:170-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.090

Odjegba VJ, Fasidi IO (2004). Accumulation of trace elements by Pistia stratiotes: implications for phytoremediation. Ecotoxicology 13:637-646. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-003-4424-1

Ok H, Orman S (2015). Determination of the performances of the grass plants on which dried stabilized sewage sludge was applied in soils at different lime levels. XXXVI CIOSTA CIGR Section V Conference Environmentally Friendly Agriculture and Forestry for Future Generations, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 26 - 28 May, pp 583-584.

Ok H, Orman S (2014). Potential environmental risks associated with sewage sludge application in agriculture and solution recommendations. 9th International Soil Science Congress on "The Soul of Soil and Civilization" Soil Science Society of Turkey Cooperation with Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies, Antalya, Turkey, 14 - 16 October, pp 942-946.

Ok H, Orman S (2016). Effect of sewage sludge application on macronutrition of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers) grown on calcareous soils. 2nd International Conference on Science, Ecology and Technology, pp 857-867.

Özyazıcı MA, Özyazıcı G, Bayraklı B (2012). Arıtma çamuru uygulamalarının toprağın ekstrakte edilebilir demir, bakır, çinko ve mangan kapsamı üzerine etkileri. Toprak Su Dergisi 1(2):110-118.

Rezende BT, Santos PLFD, Bezerra JCM, Pagliarini MK, Castilho RMMD (2020). Sewage sludge composted in the coloring and development of Bermuda grass. Ornamental Horticulture 26(3):440-447. https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v26i3.2204

Rigueiro-Rodriguez A, Mosquera-Losada MR, Ferreiro-Dominguez N (2012). Pasture and soil zinc evolution in forest and agriculture soils of northwest Spain three years after fertilisation with sewage sludge. Agriculture Ecosystem and Environment 150:111-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.01.018

Rusco E, Jones RJ, Bidoglio G (2001). Organic matter in the soils of Europe: Present status and future trends. Joint Research Centre. EUR 20556 EN. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.

Sainger PA, Dhankhar R, Sainger M, Kaushik A, Singh RP (2011). Assessment of heavy metal tolerance in native plant species from soils contaminated with electroplating effluent. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 74:2284-2291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.07.028

Shi H, Ye T, Zhong B, Liu X, Chan Z (2014). Comparative proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal mechanisms of improved cold stress tolerance in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) by exogenous calcium. Journal of Integrated Plant Biology 56:1064-1079. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12167

Singh RP, Agrawal M (2008). Potential benefits and risks of land application of sewage sludge. Waste Management 28:347-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.12.010

SPSS (2008). SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 17.0. SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA.

U.S. EPA. (2007). Method 3051A (SW-846): Microwave Assisted Acid Digestion of Sediments, Sludges, and Oils. Revision 1. Washington, DC.

Welch RM, Shuman L (1995). Micronutrient nutrition of plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 14(1):49-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689509701922

Wu FZ, Yang WQ, Zhang J, Zhou LQ (2010). Cadmium accumulation and growth responses of a poplar (Populus deltoids x Populus nigra) in cadmium contaminated purple soil and alluvial soil. Journal of Hazardous Material 177:268-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.028

Zayed A, Gowthaman S, Terry N (1998). Phtyoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants: I. Duckweed. Journal of Environmental Quality 27:715-721. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700030032x

Zere Taskin S, Bilgili U (2023). Using sewage sludge as alternative fertilizer: Effects on turf performance of perennial ryegrass. Sustainability 15(18):13597. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813597

Downloads

Published

2024-09-12

How to Cite

OK, H., ORMAN, S., TOLAY, I., & TAVALİ, I. E. (2024). Micronutrient and heavy metal bioaccumulation in Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers) grown in calcareous soil using stabilized and dried sewage sludge. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 52(3), 13774. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52313774

Issue

Section

Research Articles
CITATION
DOI: 10.15835/nbha52313774