Influence of genotype, climatic factors and sowing time on maize yield and water release rate

Vera  RAJIČIĆ; Jelena STOJILJKOVIĆ; Vera  POPOVIĆ; Milan BIBERDŽIĆ; Dragan TERZIĆ; Kristina  LUKOVIĆ; Mirela  MATKOVIĆ STOJŠIN; Nenad ĐURIĆ

doi:10.15835/nbha53113770

Authors

Vera RAJIČIĆ University of Niš, Faculty of Agriculture, Kosančićeva 4, 37000 Kruševac (RS)
Jelena STOJILJKOVIĆ Institute for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71,11420 Smederevska Palanka (RS)
Vera POPOVIĆ Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad; University of Bijeljina, Faculty of Agriculture, Pavlović put bb, 76300 Bijeljina (RS)
Milan BIBERDŽIĆ University of Priština-Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Agriculture, Kopaonička bb, 38228 Lešak (RS)
Dragan TERZIĆ University of Niš, Faculty of Agriculture, Kosančićeva 4, 37000 Kruševac (RS)
Kristina LUKOVIĆ Institute for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71,11420 Smederevska Palanka (RS)
Mirela MATKOVIĆ STOJŠIN “Tamiš” Research and Development Institute, Novoseljanski put 33, 26000 Pančevo (RS)
Nenad ĐURIĆ Institute for Vegetable Crops, Karađorđeva 71,11420 Smederevska Palanka (RS)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha53113770

Keywords:

maize, sowing period, yield, physiological maturity, technological maturity

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to determine the optimal sowing periods for maize in alluvial soil in the semiarid conditions of the southern of Serbia during two successive growing seasons of six maize genotypes from three FAO ripening groups and three sowing periods. Different climatic conditions, temperatures, and amounts of precipitation levels during the examined research period, as well as different sowing periods, had a significant effect on grain yield and yield characteristics variation. The 2014 growing season was more favorable due to a well-distributed rainfall pattern during the critical stages of maize growth, which positively affected thousand-kernel weight and grain yield. Grain yield was significantly higher in 2014 compared to 2015, which was less favorable due to high temperatures and reduced rainfall during the critical growth stages. The genotypes NS 5051 and ZP 555 demonstrated the greatest stability in the number of grains per cob during the second sowing period in the 2014 season. The greatest stability in thousand-kernel weight was achieved by genotype NS 6030 in all three sowing periods in the 2014 season. The genotypes NS 5051 and ZP 555 showed the highest stability of grain yield in all three sowing periods in 2014, and positive interaction with the environment was achieved during the second sowing period in 2015. The results indicate the need for a localized approach when selecting hybrids and adjusting optimal sowing periods to mitigate the negative effects of climate change and to get maximize yield.

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