Pharmacological profiling and phytochemical analysis of fractionated extracts of Euphorbia royleana

Authors

  • Neelum NAHEED PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Botany, Rawalpindi 46300 (PK)
  • Yamin BIBI Rawalpindi Women University, Department of Botany, Rawalpindi 46300 (PK)
  • Sehrish IMRAN PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Department of Botany, Rawalpindi 46300 (PK)
  • Shamin AKHTAR Rawalpindi Women University, Department of Botany, Rawalpindi 46300 (PK)
  • Abdullah A. ALARFAJ King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Botany and Microbiology, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 (SA)
  • Mohammad J. ANSARI Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly, Hindu College, Department of Botany, Moradabad, 244001 (SA)
  • Abdul QAYYUM The University of Haripur, Department of Agronomy, Haripur 22620 (PK)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52413711

Keywords:

antioxidant potential, antibacterial activity, bioactive compounds, cytotoxicity

Abstract

Euphorbia royleana belongs to family Euphorbiaceae, with great therapeutic potential. The present study is aimed to validate its traditional uses. GC-MS analysis of Euphorbia royleana crude and fractionated extracts were performed. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by Brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay. Plant extract antioxidant activity was performed through in vitro multidimensional assays. Plant elemental analysis was performed through atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, the extract antibacterial activity against two gram negative i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas campestris, and two gram-positive bacterial strains i.e. Escherichia. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae with agar well diffusion assay was performed. GC-MS analysis of n-hexane fraction revealed the presence of 16 phytocomponents. Phytochemical investigation led to identification and quantification of phenols, glycol cyanide, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Highest phenol and flavonoid content (1.886±0.02 µg/mg, 0.855±0.01 µg/mg, 0.551±0.01 µg/mg and 0.090±0.01 µg/mg respectively) was quantified in plant extract and in n-hexane fraction. Crude and fractionated extracts (n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and methanol) exhibited moderate cytotoxicity 81%, 71%, 52.5%, 57.5% and 51.5% respectively against brine shrimp nauplii with LD50 values of 168.46 and 220.30%. Plant extracts also showed scavenging activity ranging from 23-61% at 25-400 µg/mL. E. royleana consist of various compounds and minerals, namely K +, Na+, Fe+2, Co+3, Mn+2, Cu+3, Cr+3, and Cd+2. The antimicrobial activity revealed that the plant crude extract and n-hexane fraction comparatively exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Xanthomonas campestris. This study evaluated the plant's potential as a source of antimicrobials and antioxidants for future application in treating infectious disorders.

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Published

2024-11-01

How to Cite

NAHEED, N., BIBI, Y., IMRAN, S., AKHTAR, S., ALARFAJ, A. A., ANSARI, M. J., & QAYYUM, A. (2024). Pharmacological profiling and phytochemical analysis of fractionated extracts of Euphorbia royleana. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 52(4), 13711. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52413711

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Vol. 52 No. 4 (2024)

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Research Articles
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DOI: 10.15835/nbha52413711

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Copyright (c) 2024 Neelum Naheed, Yamin Bibi, Sehrish Imran, Shamin Akhtar, Saleh H. Salmen, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Abdul Qayyum

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