Climatic projections vs. grapevine phenology: a regional case study

Lucia C. COLIBABA; Ionica BOSOI; Mărioara PUȘCALĂU; Ilie BODALE; Camelia  LUCHIAN; Liliana ROTARU; Valeriu V. COTEA

doi:10.15835/nbha52113381

Authors

Lucia C. COLIBABA Iasi University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural Technologies, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 (RO)
Ionica BOSOI Research and Development Station for Viticulture and Wine-Making, 61, Ştefan cel Mare, Odobești 625300 (RO)
Mărioara PUȘCALĂU Research and Development Station for Viticulture and Wine-Making, 61, Ştefan cel Mare, Odobești 625300 (RO)
Ilie BODALE Iasi University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Exact Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 (RO)
Camelia LUCHIAN Iasi University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Exact Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 (RO)
Liliana ROTARU Iasi University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural Technologies, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 (RO)
Valeriu V. COTEA Iasi University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural Technologies, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 (RO)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52113381

Keywords:

climate change, grape vine, phenology, Odobești vineyard, new grape varieties, SSPs

Abstract

From the middle of the 20th century, the majority of the world's highest quality wine-producing regions experienced an increase in temperatures during the growing season. Even if, through technological processes, this issue has been seen as an improvement, recent changes of climatic factors (mainly temperature, sunshine duration and rainfall) show a worrying trend. This study reveals the impacts of climate change in one of the oldest and most important vineyards in Eastern Europe (Odobești vineyard in Romania) on the quality of grapes. The varieties taken into study are ‘Șarbă, Băbească gri’ and ‘Fetească regală’, the first two being considered new created cultivars, while the latter is found on the largest areas of viticultural use. Grapevine phenology and composition were analysed according to literature and standard OIV regulations. Climatic data was gathered, throughout 50 years (1971-2021), by using a weather station of the Odobești Viticulture and Wine-making Research Development Station. A climatic assessment using Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) was achieved, focusing on two SSPs (SSP1-1.9 and SSP5-8.5). The climatic predictions show that for the analysed region, phenophases will change due to a temperature increase of over 1.5 ^oC, leading to an acceleration of 15 (SSP1-1.9) or 24 days (SSP5-8.5) in the case of grape maturation. The hastening of the yearly vine life cycle is correlated to a wide range of undesirable effects, among which an unequilibrated physical-chemical composition of fruits for wine production is considered a sore point in wine sector economy.

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