Comparison of the potential of extracts from the flower, fruit pulp, and seed of Cassia fistula L. on MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth and cell migration

Authors

  • Supavadee BOONTHA University of Phayao, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Phayao, 56000; University of Phayao, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Group in Herbal and Development of Formulation and Delivery Systems for Elderly Adults and Cancer Treatment, Phayao 56000 (TH)
  • Benjaporn BURANRAT University of Phayao, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Group in Herbal and Development of Formulation and Delivery Systems for Elderly Adults and Cancer Treatment, Phayao 56000; Mahasarakham University, Faculty of Medicine, Maha Sarakham, 44000 (TH)
  • Kamchai SAEPANG University of Phayao, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Phayao, 56000; University of Phayao, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Group in Herbal and Development of Formulation and Delivery Systems for Elderly Adults and Cancer Treatment, Phayao 56000 (TH)
  • Tasana PITAKSUTEEPONG Naresuan University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Phitsanulok, 65000 (TH)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51313086

Keywords:

apoptosis, cell toxicity, golden shower tree, protein expression, western blotting data

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the anticancer effects of extracts prepared from various parts of Cassia fistula L. (CF), i.e., flower extract (FE), fruit pulp extract (FPE) and seed extract (SE), on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The anticancer effects of the extracts were assessed for cell toxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell apoptosis, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Effective cancer treatments have focused on inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling. Thus, the expression of EGFR protein after extract-treated cells was also determined. Following a 72 incubation, high potential cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cells was observed after SE treatment, followed by FE and FPE treatment. FE, FPE, and SE significantly inhibited cell growth at concentrations of 500, 1,000, and 250 µg/mL, respectively. Also, FE, FPE, and SE markedly suppressed migration of MCF-7 cells at concentrations of 500, 500, and 100 µg/mL, respectively. These results can be concluded that SE had the highest potential anticancer effect on MCF-7 cells when compared with FE and FPE. Thus, SE might be a potential source of preventative and therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Since most anticancer drugs cause ROS production in cancer cells and it is known that ROS induce cell death; therefore, cell apoptosis and ROS formation   induced by SE were further studied. The results showed SE induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent way. SE caused a significant increase in ROS formation when compared with the control group. Western blot analysis showed low levels of EGFR protein expression after SE-treated cells at 1,000 mg/mL. Therefore, besides ROS formation, it may be concluded that the downregulation of EGFR protein expression is potentially one of the fundamental mechanisms driving the anticancer effects of SE.

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Published

2023-08-31

How to Cite

BOONTHA, S., BURANRAT, B., SAEPANG, K., & PITAKSUTEEPONG, T. (2023). Comparison of the potential of extracts from the flower, fruit pulp, and seed of Cassia fistula L. on MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth and cell migration. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 51(3), 13086. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51313086

Issue

Section

Research Articles
CITATION
DOI: 10.15835/nbha51313086

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