Multiple interval mapping of QTLs and epistasis for iron toxicity tolerance in segregating population of Indica rice

Nusrat JAHAN; Muhammad A. JAVED; Anwar KHAN; Bushra TABASSUM; Syed I. AGHA; Samia PARVEEN; Nazish MUZAFFAR

doi:10.15835/nbha50312773

Authors

Nusrat JAHAN Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences Pakistan, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Takatu Campus, 87300, Quetta (PK)
Muhammad A. JAVED University of the Punjab, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lahore 54590 (PK)
Anwar KHAN Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences Pakistan, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Takatu Campus, 87300, Quetta (PK)
Bushra TABASSUM University of the Punjab, Pakistan, School of Biological Sciences, Quaid e Azam Campus, 54000, Lahore (PK)
Syed I. AGHA Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences Pakistan, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Takatu Campus, 87300, Quetta (PK)
Samia PARVEEN Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences Pakistan, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Takatu Campus, 87300, Quetta (PK)
Nazish MUZAFFAR Henan University of Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology (CN)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha50312773

Keywords:

iron toxicity, multiple interval mapping (MIM), ‘Pak Basmati’, ‘Pokkali’, QTLs

Abstract

The global average temperature has increased by approximately 0.5 °C, over a last few decades and is projected to continue to increase. Environmental stress factors such as, elevated temperature, salinity, toxic elements (Fe, Al, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn and As), drought and rising CO₂ affect plant growth and make a growing threat to agriculture. Rice is a primary food crop in the world and the establishment of rice crop in acidic soil and in marginal soil is a major goal for the improvement of rice production to fulfill the food security. Among environmental stresses, Fe²⁺ toxicity is one of the main stresses in limiting the cereal crops production. Tolerant rice genotypes that can tolerate the high concentration of Fe²⁺ toxicity are the potential source genes for rice tolerance improvement in Fe²⁺ toxicity. In this research work, the genetic basis of seed germination traits and growth traits was investigated in rice using (multiple interval mapping) MIM. Many rice genotypes serve as source of tolerant against toxic metal ion like Fe²⁺, could be an important factor in controlling the sever effect of Fe²⁺ toxicity on germination and seedling growth traits. The F₃ progenies of cross between Fe²⁺ toxicity tolerant cultivar ‘Pokkali’ and susceptible cultivar ‘Pak basmati’ were test against the optimized level of Fe²⁺ toxicity at germination, to determine the mode of inheritance to Fe²⁺ toxicity tolerance. Wide range of continues variation was found in F₃ progenies. Among the 49 quantitative germination trait and 23 growth trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 9 linked with tolerance to Fe²⁺ toxicity was mapped. Additionally, 21 QTLs for germination traits and 9 QTLs for growth traits were classified as major QTLs using MIM. For germination and growth traits, notable epistasis between the chromosome 1, 2, 4, 6 and 11 was detected across germination and growth traits. Our results suggest that the tolerance mechanisms at germination and seedling phases could differ for Fe²⁺ toxicity. QTLs detected in this study for germination and seedling growth could be a source of new alleles for development of tolerance rice to Fe²⁺ toxicity varieties and transformation, gene cloning and gene editing in the future

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