Prevalence, molecular characterization, and variety reactions of Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae on mulberries in Turkey
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha50212716Keywords:
canker, dieback, mulberry, Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae, pathogenicityAbstract
Turkey is one of noteworthy countries for both fruit genetic resources and amount of fruit production in the world. Mulberry is cultivated throughout Turkey, most commonly in Central, Northeast and Southeast Anatolia. Mulberry has a great market potential thanks to its fresh consumption and usage of processed food products. In June 2019, a disease was observed causing deaths in shoots and branches on mulberry trees in Malatya province of Turkey. The causative agent of the disease was identified as Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae according to morphological characteristics and sequencing of TEF 1-α gene (Accession no. MT362602 and MT362603), ITS (Accession no. MT195554 and MT195555) and LSU (Accession no. MT195552 and MT195553). Based on the concatenated sequences of the ITS, TEF 1-α, and LSU, a phylogenetic tree was built using Bayesian analysis. Reactions of nine mulberry cultivars against the disease (‘Ulukale’, ‘Ayaş’, ‘Ichinose’, ‘Poser’, ‘Kenmochi’, ‘Arapgir’, ‘Sarı aşı’, ‘Horum’ and ‘Istanbul’) inoculated with Malatya isolate of N. novaehollandiae were evaluated under growth chamber conditions. All-mulberry cultivars artificially inoculated with N. novaehollandiae isolate exhibited severe necrosis symptoms on woody tissues of tested plants. It was confirmed that N. novaehollandiae is a fungal pathogen associated with dieback and canker on mulberry trees in Turkey for the first time. New mulberry plantations could be endangered by this emerging new disease.
References
Agustí-Brisach C, Moldero D, Raya MDC, Lorite IJ, Orgaz F, Trapero A (2020). Water stress enhances the progression of branch dieback and almond decline under field conditions. Plants 9:1213. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091213
Akgul DS, Savas N, Ozarslandan M (2019). First report of wood canker caused by Lasiodiplodia exigua and Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae on grapevine in Turkey. Plant Disease 103:1037. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-18-1938-PDN
Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Kaaby HN, Alwan SL (2019). A highly efficient electrophoretic method for discrimination between two Neoscytalidium species using a specific fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) fragment. Folia Microbiologica 64:161-170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-018-0641-0
Arunakumar GS, Gnanesh BN, Supriya M, Sivaprasad V (2019). First report of Nigrospora sphaerica causing shot hole disease on mulberry in India. Plant Disease 103:1783-1784. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-18-2204-PDN
Arzanlou M, Dokhanchi H (2013). Morphological and molecular characterization of Diplodia seriata, the causal agent of canker and twig dieback disease on mulberry in Iran. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 46:682-694. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2012.749703
Bettucci L, Alonso R, Tiscornia S (1999). Endophytic mycobiota of healthy twigs and the assemblage of species associated with twig lesions of Eucalyptus globulus and E. grandis in Uruguay. Mycological Research 103:468-472. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756298007205
Bussaban B, Kodchasee P, Apinyanuwat S, Kosawang C, Jonglaekha N (2017). First report of Curvularia lunata causing leaf blight on mulberry (Morus sp.) in Thailand. Plant Disease 101:1951. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-17-0260-PDN
Carbone I, Kohn LM (1999). A method for designing primer sets for speciation studies in filamentous ascomycetes. Mycologia 91:553-556. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.1999.12061051
Calavan EC, Wallace JM (1954). Hendersonula toruloidea Nattrass on citrus in California. Phytopathology 44:635-639.
Chen J, Xiang TT, Liu XY, Wang WH, Zhang BL, Liu J, … Zhu HS (2018). First report of Nigrospora sphaerica causing shot hole disease on mulberry in China. Plant Disease 102:245. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-17-0914-PDN
Crous PW, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Rheeder J, Marasas WF, Philips AJ, … Groenewald JZ (2006). Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Studies in Mycology 55:235-253. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.55.1.235
Cocen E, Pınar H, Uzun A, Yaman M, Saritepe Y, Kokargul R, Aslan A, Altun OT (2020). Morphological and biochemical characteristics to be used in identification of mulberry genotypes. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 29(1):79-84.
Derviş S, Turkolmez S, Ciftci O, Ulubas SC, Dikilitas M (2019). First report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing canker, shoot blight, and root rot of pistachio in Turkey. Plant Disease 103:1411. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0053-PDN
Derviş S, Özer G, Türkölmez Ş (2020). First report of Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae causing stem blight on tomato in Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology 102:1339-1340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-020-00627-x
Ercisli S (2004). A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 51:419-435. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GRES.0000023458.60138.79
Ercisli S, Orhan E (2007). Chemical composition of white (Morus alba), red (Morus rubra) and black (Morus nigra) mulberry fruits. Food Chemistry 103(4):1380-1384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.10.054
Farr DF, Rossman AY (2022). Fungal Databases, U.S. National Fungus Collections, ARS, USDA. Retrieved 28 March 2022 from: https://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/
Flórez-Muñoz SV, Gómez-Velásquez JC, Loaiza-Díaz N, Soares C, Santos C, Lima N, Mesa-Arango AC (2019). ITS rDNA gene analysis versus MALDI-TOF MS for identification of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum isolated from Onychomycosis and Dermatomycosis cases in Medellin (Colombia). Microorganisms 7(9):306. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090306
Grice KRE, Beilharz V, Shivas RG (2006). First record of Pseudocercospora mori causing grey leaf spot on mulberry in Australia. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 1:9-10. https://doi.org/10.1071/DN06005
Huang SK, Tangthirasunun N, Phillips AJ, Dai DQ, Wanasinghe DN, Wen TC, … Kang JC (2016). Morphology and phylogeny of Neoscytalidium orchidacearum sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriaceae). Mycobiology 44:79-84. https://doi.org/10.5941/MYCO.2016.44.2.79
Huang Y, Meng L, Liu J, Wang C (2019). First report of Botryosphaeria dothidea causing shoot canker on mulberry in China. Plant Disease 103:1788-1789. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-19-0183-PDN
Jamali S (2019). Morphological and molecular characterization of Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae, the cause of Quercus brantii dieback in Iran. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 58(2):1-9. https://doi.org/10.14601/Phytopathol_Mediter-10621
Jia H, Liu Z, Sungbom O, Yao C, Chen J, Dong A, Liu X (2019). First report of Aplosporella javeedii causing branch blight disease of mulberry (Morus alba) in China. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 126:475-477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-019-00245-5
Katoh K, Rozewicki J, Yamada KD (2017) MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108
Kazemzadeh Chakusary M, Mohammadi H, Khodaparast SA (2019). Diversity and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species on forest trees in the north of Iran. European Journal of Forest Reserach 138:685-704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01200-7
Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K (2016). MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution 33:1870-1874. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054
Ma Z, Morgan DP, Michailides TJ (2001). Effects of water stress on Botryosphaeria blight of pistachio caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Plant Disease 85:745-749. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2001.85.7.745
Machouart M, Menir P, Helenon R, Quist D, Desbois N (2013). Scytalidium and scytalidiosis: what's new in 2012? Journal of Medical Mycology 23:40-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.01.002
Marques MW, Lima NB, de Morais MA, Michereff SJ, Phillips AJL, Camara MPS (2013). Botryosphaeria, Neofusicoccum, Neoscytalidium and Pseudofusicoccum species associated with mango in Brazil. Fungal Divers 61:195-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-013-0258-1
Müller J, Müller K, Neinhuis C, Quandt D (2010) PhyDE Phylogenetic Data Editor, version 0.9971. Program distributed by the authors. http://www.phyde.de
Oksal E, Çelik Y, Özer G (2019a). Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causes canker and dieback on grapevine in Turkey. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 14:33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-019-0363-4
Oksal E, Yiğit T, Özer G (2019b). First report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing shoot blight, dieback and canker of apricot in Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology 102:579-580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-019-00467-4
Oksal E, Özer G (2021). First report of shoot blight and branch canker of Pyrus communis by Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae in Turkey. Journal of Plant Pathology 103:673-674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-021-00762-z
Ören E, Koca G, Gencer R, Bayraktar H (2020). First report of Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae associated with stem canker and branch dieback of almond trees. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 15:17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-020-00386-9
Pavlic D, Wingfield MJ, Barber P, Slippers B, Hardy GE, Burgess TI (2008). Seven new species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from baobab and other native trees in Western Australia. Mycologia 100:851-866. https://doi.org/10.3852/08-020
Phillips AJ, Alves A, Abdollahzadeh J, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW (2013). The Botryosphaeriaceae: genera and species known from culture. Studies in Mycology 76:51-167. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0021
Polizzi G, Aiello D, Castello I, Vitale A, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW (2011). Occurrence, molecular characterisation, and pathogenicity of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum on citrus in Italy. Acta Horticulturae 892:237-243. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.892.27
Punithalingam E, Waterston JM (1970). Hendersonula toruloidea. Commonwealth Mycological Institute CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. Sheet 274.
Rambaut A (2018) FigTree v1.4.4. Institute of Evolutionary Biology. Univ Edinburgh. http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree.
Ray JD, Burgess TI, Lanoiselet VM (2010). First record of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and N. novaehollandiae on Mangifera indica and N. dimidiatum on Ficus carica in Australia. Australasian Plant Disease Notes 5:48-50. https://doi.org/10.1071/DN10018
Ronquist F, Teslenko M, van der Mark P, Ayres DL, Darling A, Höhna S, … Huelsenbeck JP (2012). MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic in- ference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61:539-542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
Sakalidis ML, Ray JD, Lanoiselet V. (2011). Pathogenic Botryosphaeriaceae associated with Mangifera indica in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia. European Journal of Plant Pathology 130:379-391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9760-z
Sanchez MD (2000). World Distribution and Utilization of Mulberry and Its Potential for Animal Feeding. Mulberry for Animal Production, FAO. Animal Production and Health Paper 147:1-10.
Sutton BC, Dyko BJ (1989). Revision of Hendersonula. Mycological Research 93:466-488.
Soylu S, Kurt S, Soylu EM (2003). First report of phloeospora leaf spot on mulberry caused by Phloeospora maculans (= Cylindrosporium maculans) in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey. Plant Pathology 52:415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00837.x
Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Lumyong S (2018). Leaf spot on cattleya orchid caused by Neoscytalidium orchidacearum in Thailand. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 40:109-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2017.1414882
Tutin GT. (1996). Morus L. In: Tutin GT, Burges NA, Chater AO, Edmondson JR, Heywood VH (Eds). Flora Europa. Cambridge University Press, Port Melbourne, Australia, pp 629.
Vilgalys R, Hester M (1990). Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. Journal of Bacteriology 172:4238-4246. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.8.4238-4246
Wei JG, Xie HH, Liu F, Pan XH, Yang XB (2014). First report of mulberry root rot caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae in China. Plant Disease 98:1581. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-14-0261-PDN
White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ (Eds). PCR Protocols. A Guide to Methods and Applications, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA pp 315-322.
Yaltirik F (1982). Morus. Davis PH (Ed). Flora of Turkey. vol. 7, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, UK, pp 641-642.
Zhu XM, Liu XF (2012). A new species and genus distribution record from China: Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae. Indian Journal of Microbiology 52(4):565-568. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12088-012-0291-x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Erçin OKSAL
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
License:
Open Access Journal:
The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restriction. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
.png)
