In vitro germination and bulblet and shoot propagation for wild edible Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha48211883Keywords:
Eremurus; geophyte, in vitro regeneration, Liliaceae, plant growth regulatorAbstract
Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb is consumed as a vegetable because of its nutritious characteristics. The plants are also used for medicinal purposes, in the cut flower industry as an ornamental geophytes, and in industry as a natural adhesive. The aim of the present study was to improve the in vitro propagation protocol (in vitro germination and bulblet and shoot formation) of E. spectabilis. For this purpose, E. spectabilis seeds were in vitro germinated in four different nutrient media: Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg (B5), White (WH), and Shenk and Hildebrandt (SH). To stimulate bulblet and/or shoot regeneration, hypocotyls of 35-40-day-old in vitro-germinated plantlets were cut into 0.5-1.0 cm pieces, and the resultant explants were cultured in MS media containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) + Kinetin (0.5 mg L-1), Thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) + 1-Naphthylacetic acid (NAA) (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L-1), and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) + 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L-1). The best outcomes for germination ratio (57.5%) were obtained from the B5 medium. In the third set of in vitro propagation experiments, 100% bulblet formation was achieved in TDZ (0.5 mg L-1) and NAA (0.5 and 0.1 mg L-1) combinations of MS media, and this was followed by 0.5 mg L-1 BAP-containing medium (81.3%). Shoot formation ratios with the same media combinations varied from 60-70%, and the number of shoots per explant varied from 1.4-2.4 shoots. Further in vitro propagation research is planned with larger bulb sizes to develop a protocol for rooting bulblets and/or shoots.
References
Abdul Baki AA, Anderson JD (1973). Vigor determination in soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Science 13:630-633. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300060013x
Abubaker SR, Hidayat HJ (2015). Anti tumor potential of Local Aslerk (Eremurus spectabilis) leaf extracts by HPLC and applying on cancer cell lines in vitro. Iraqi Journal of Cancer and Medical Genetics 8(2):123-128.
Ahmad I, Dole JM, Schiappacasse F, Saleem M, Manzano E (2014). Optimal postharvest handling protocols for cut ‘Line Dance’ and ‘Tap Dance’ Eremurus inflorescences. Scientia Horticulturae 179:212-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.09.031
Akdağ Ş (2019). Different combination treatments to improve germination and emergence performance on seeds of Eremurus spectabilis M. Bieb. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Van Yüzüncü Yıl (in Turkish).
Ault JR, Siqueira SS (2008). Morphogenetic response of Lilium michiganense to four auxin-type plant growth regulators in vitro. Hortscience 43(6):1922-1924. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.43.6.1922
Baskaran P, Kumari A, Naidoo D, Staden JV (2015). In vitro propagation and biochemical changes in Aloe pruinosa. Industrial Crops and Products 77:51-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.036
Baytop T (1996). Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi. I.U. Yayinlari No: 3255, Eczacilik Fak 40:444 (in Turkish)
Choudhary AK, Ray AK, Jha S, Mishra IN (2011). Callus formation, shoot initiation and in vitro culture of Aloe vera. Biotechnology, Bioinformatics and Bioengineering 1(4):551-553.
Çakmak D, Karaoğlu C, Aasim M, Sancak C, Özcan S (2016). Advancement in protocol for in vitro seed germination, regeneration, bulblet maturation, and acclimatization of Fritillaria persica. Turkish Journal of Biology 40:878-888. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-1510-18
Dashti M, Tavakoli H, Zarif Ketabi H, Paryab A (2005). Ecological requirements of plant of Eremurus (E. spectabilis M.B.) in Khorasan province. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research 12(2):153-165.
Eghtedarnejad N, Mansouri HR (2016). Building wooden panels glued with a combination of natural adhesive of tannin/Eremurus root (syrysh). European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 74:269-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-015-0994-x
Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K (1968). Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Experimental Cell Research 60:151-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(68)90403-5
Güngör F (2002). Investigation on the morphological, biological characteristics and cultivation possibilities of Eremurus spectabilis (Bieb.) Fedtsch, Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. and Hippomarathrum microcarpum (Bieb.) as growing wildly. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Atatürk (in Turkish).
Haibin G, Jiajun L (2006). The bulb scale and bulblet culture in vitro of Lilium lancifolium Thunb. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2006-02.
Heshmatol Vaezin SM, Ghanbari S, Tavili A (2010). Income of Eremurus (E. olgae) and forage production in the Khazangah rangelands of Makoo. Journal of Range and Watershed Management (Iranian Journal of Natural Resources) 63(2):183-195.
Jakhar ML, Gurjar YR, Choudhary MR, Kakralya BL (2012). Regeneration in callus cultures of Ghritkumari (Aloe barbadensis Mill.). Journal of Plant Science and Research 28(1):131-136.
Kamaleswari K, Nandagopalan V, Lakshmi Prabha A (2016). Effects of plant growth regulators on in-vitro regeneration of a potential medicinal plant - Scilla hyacinthina (Roth.) J.F. Macbr. Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology 4(01):043-046. https://doi.org/10.7324/JABB.2016.40108
Kamenetsky R, Akhmetova M (1994). Floral development of Eremurus altaicus (Liliaceae). Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 42(3):227-233. https://doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1994.10676575
Keskiner K (2017). Investigations on applications of breaking seed dormancy in grown wild Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb. M.Sc. Dissertation, University of Van Yüzüncü Yıl (in Turkish).
Keskiner K, Tuncer B (2019). Dormancy breaking treatments for wild Eremurus spectabilis M.Bieb seeds. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 28(2A):1167-1173.
Matthews, WA (1986). Eremurus. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Island. 8:86-87.
Molsaghi M, Moieni A, Kahrizi D (2014). Efficient protocol for rapid Aloe vera micropropagation. Pharmaceutical Biology 52(6):735-739. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2013.868494
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15:473-497. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Murillo-Amador B, López-Aguilar R, Kaya C, Larrinaga Mayoral J, Flores-Hernández A (2002). Comparative effects of NaCl and polyethylene glycol on germination, emergence and seedling growth of cowpea. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 188:235-247. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-037X.2002.00563.x
Nurashikin K, Mihdzar Abdul K, Nur Ashikin Psyquay A, Ashraf F (2010). Rapid multiplication of Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) through shoot proliferation. African Journal of Biotechnology 9(29):4595-4600.
Pandey A (2016). Research on in-vitro clonal multiplication protocol in various cultivars of Chlorophytum. Tech-Chronicle 1(4):32-42.
Pourfarzad A, Najafi MBH, Khodaparast MHH, Khayyat MH, Malekpour A (2014). Fractionation of (Eremurus spectabilis) fructans by ethanol: Box–Behnken design and principal component analysis. Carbohydrate Polymers 106:374-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.048
Rahmanpour A, Majd A, Chalabian F (2005). Effects of gibberellic and citric acıd on germination percentage, speed of germination and seed vigor of (Eremurus spectabilis M.B). Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research 131(19):53-65.
Rahmanpour A, Majd A, Chalabian F (2007). The effect of hormones and mechanical treatments on seed germination of Eremurus olgae Regel. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 23:1(35):111-120.
Razib MA, Mamun ANK., Kabir MH, Al Din SMS, Hossain ME, Firoz Alam M (2016). High frequency in vitro propagation of Aloe vera L. through shoot tip culture. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology 7(4):28-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijabpt
Schiappacasse F, Szigeti JC, Manzano E, Kamenetsky R (2013). Eremurus as a new cut flower crop in aysen, chile: introduction from the Northern hemisphere. Acta Horticulturae 1002:115-121. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.1002.13
Sharma S, Sharma D, Kanwar K (2015). Technology refinement for micropropagated Aloe vera L.: a miracle plant. Research in Plant Biology 5(4):1-10.
Schenk RU, Hildebrandt AC (1972). Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Canadian Journal of Botany 50(1):199-204. https://doi.org/10.1139/b72-026
Suh SY, Baskar TB, Kim HH, Al-Dhabi NA, Park SU (2015). Ethylene inhibitors promote shoot organogenesis of Aloe arborescens Miller. South Indian Journal of Biological Sciences 1(1):43-46.
Sun L, Jin L (2011). Studies on the in vitro rapid propagation of Lilium X Longliflorum. Liaoning Agricultural Science 2011-06.
Tang D, Wang Y, Xu J, Li W, Tian G, Tang K (2009). Adventitious shoot induction and plant regeneration from leaf explants of Lilium longiflorum Thunb. Propagation of Ornamental Plants 9(2):84-89.
Tosun M, Ercişli S, Ozer H, Turan M, Taşkın P, Öztürk E, Padem H, Kılıçgün H (2012). Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of foxtail lily (Eremurus spectabilis). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 11(3):145-153.
Tuncer B (2017). Investigation of the in vitro regeneration of some medical and aromatic wild plant species. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 15(4):905-914. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1504_905914
Tuncer B (2018). Identification of wild plants which as vegetable consumed in Van province in Turkey. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences. Skopje, Macedonia pp 79-85.
Tuzcu Z, Koclar G, Agca CA, Aykutoglu G, Dervisoglu G, Tartik M, … Sahin K (2017). Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of different extracts from wild edible plant Eremurus spectabilis leaves and roots. International Journal of Clinical Experimental Medicine 10(3):4787-4797.
Tuzlacı E (1985). The genus Eremurus (Liliaceae) in Turkey. Journal of Pharmacy of University of Marmara 1(1-2):91-100.
Tuzlacı E (1987). Türkiye’ nin çiriş otları (II): Asphodeline, Asphodelus, Eremurus ve Anthericum cinsleri üzerinde morfolojik karşılaştırmalar. Journal of Pharmacy of University of Marmara 3(1):19-26 (in Turkish).
Tuzlacı E, Doğan A (2010). Turkish folk medicinal plants, IX: Ovacık (Tunceli). Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 14:136–143.
Wendelbo P (1982). Flora Iranica. In: Rechinger KH (ed). Asphodeloideae: Asphodelus, Asphodeline & Eremurus, Graz, Austuria 151:3-31.
Wendelbo P (1982). Asphodeloideae: Asphodelus, Asphodeline & Eremerus. In: Flora Iranica151:3-31.
White PR (1943). Nutrient deficiency studies and improved inorganic nutrients for cultivation of excised tomato roots. Growth 7:53-65.
Yang W, Zhang O, Pan H, Sun M (2010). In vitro regeneration of Lilium tsingtauense Gilg. and analysis of genetic variability in micropropagated plants using RAPD and ISSR techniques. Propagation of Ornamental Plants 10(2):59-66.
Zhang M, Jia G (2014). The effects of sucrose concentration and light condition on lily’s bulblet-in-tube production and inclusion content. Pakistan Journal of Botany 46(1):307-315.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Burcu TUNCER
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
License:
Open Access Journal:
The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restriction. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
.png)
